Understanding Nominal GNP Targeting
نویسنده
چکیده
FIROUGHOUT 1989, popular wisdom held that the U.S. monetary authority was faced with a daunting policy task: it should not permit too much money growth and cause prices to rise too rapidly, but it should not allow too little money growth and cause the economy to tip into recession as real output would fall. Sympathy for monetary policymakers, however, is not necessarily widespread among economists. Many economists deny that the tradeoff between inflation and output growth exists in the long run. Moreover, even those who grudgingly agree that the tradeoff may exist in the short run contend that monetary policymakers create problems for themselves by attempting to exploit the possible output-inflation tradeoff.
منابع مشابه
To examine Increasing of nominal GNP according to monitarists & Kenziyan Approaches in Iranian Economy.
In this paper is attemped to examine increasing of nominal GNP according to momitarists and kenziyan approaches. In this research we have used time series Data collcted from Database of Iranian centeral Bank "between"1981 to 2015. Variables in this study are: Gross national Production (GNP) based on current prices, Supply of money, and Government Expenditures. Microsoft Eviwse.9 have used in th...
متن کاملSelective Killing of Melanoma Cells With Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma and p-FAK Antibody Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles
Melanomas are fast growing high-mortality tumors, and specific treatments for melanomas are needed. Melanoma cells overexpress focal adhesion kinase (FAK) compared to normal keratinocytes, and we sought to exploit this difference to create a selectively lethal therapy. We combined gold nanoparticles (GNP) with antibodies targeting phosphorylated FAK (p-FAK). These conjugates (p-FAK-GNP) entered...
متن کاملPeptide mediated active targeting and intelligent particle size reduction-mediated enhanced penetrating of fabricated nanoparticles for triple-negative breast cancer treatment
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most invasively malignant human cancers and its incidence increases year by year. Effective therapeutics against them needs to be developed urgently. In this study, a kind of angiopep-2 modified and intelligently particle size-reducible NPs, Angio-DOX-DGL-GNP, was designed for accomplishing both high accumulation and deep penetration within tum...
متن کاملSelective Targeting of Brain Tumors with Gold Nanoparticle-Induced Radiosensitization
Successful treatment of brain tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is limited in large part by the cumulative dose of Radiation Therapy (RT) that can be safely given and the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the delivery of systemic anticancer agents into tumor tissue. Consequently, the overall prognosis remains grim. Herein, we report our pilot studies in cell culture experiments...
متن کاملDose enhancement effects of gold nanoparticles specifically targeting RNA in breast cancer cells
Localization microscopy has shown to be capable of systematic investigations on the arrangement and counting of cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles (GNP) with nanometer resolution. In this article, we show that the application of specially modified RNA targeting gold nanoparticles ("SmartFlares") can result in ring like shaped GNP arrangements around the cell nucleus. Transmission electron mi...
متن کامل